![]() ![]() It is ugly.” Phrased like that we wouldn’t know whether the speaker fi nds the school or the restaurant ugly. Imagine these sentences in English: “Here are a school and a restaurant. It’s best to learn the defi nite articles for each noun since the indefi nite articles (ein, eine, ein) don’t differentiate between masculine and neuter. The gender is indicated by the der, die, das in front of each noun and called a defi nite article. ![]() You’ll need to learn the correct gender for every noun. Subject Conjugated Verb Ending ich mache –e du machst –st er–sie–es macht –t wir machen –en ihr macht –t sie (3rd person plural) machen –en Sie (you formal) machen –en 1.3 Nouns and gender German has two approaches to grammatical gender: one that’s logical as in: der Mann, die Mutter, das Telefon and one that seems random at best: der Maschinenbau, die Universität, das Kind. As an example, we will look at how the verb machen (to do to make) behaves: These endings apply more or less to a large number of regular German verbs, so you should memorize these as soon as possible. ![]() In modern-day English, we can only still see this in the verb ‘to be’ (I am, you are, he–she–it is, etc.) and the 3rd- person singular as in: “He talks to me.” Here are the conjugated forms for sein: And here are the conjugated forms for haben: ich bin wir sind du bist ihr seid er–sie–es ist (S)ie sind ich habe wir haben du hast ihr habt er–sie–es hat (S)ie haben 1.1 Basic verbs in present tense The verbs sein (to be) and haben (to have) follow their own rules, but many other verbs that we use frequently follow a standard conjugation pattern. It’s less-than-great that these two important verbs follow their own rules! For every subject pronoun, we have to learn a new form that is we have to conjugate the infi nitives (sein and haben) to match the subject. It’s great to know that we can rely on these two verbs to have basic conversations. 2010 1.2 sein and haben The verbs sein and haben are two fundamental verbs in German-just like in English. Wegel Based on the work of Richard Langston, UNC Chapel Hill © Live Oak Multimedia, Inc. 2.1 grammar sequence explanations developed by: Christina J. Download Auf Gehts Grammar - Elementary German II | GRMN 1002 and more German Philology Study notes in PDF only on Docsity!Auf geht’s! beginning German language and culture interactive v. ![]()
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